Ukuthwala ibhola yensimbi yibhola yensimbi eqhelekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iinxalenye kwiibheringi kunye nezinye izixhobo zoomatshini. Uneempawu zamandla aphezulu, ubunzima kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka, ngoko ke ukulawulwa ngokwenkqubo kunye nomphumo kubaluleke kakhulu. Oku kulandelayo kuya kwazisa inkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa kunye nomphumo wokuthwala iibhola zetsimbi.
Ukunyangwa kobushushu kubhekiselele kuluhlu lweenkqubo zobuchwepheshe ngokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa izinto zokutshintsha ukwakheka kombutho kunye neempawu zezinto. Inkqubo yokushisa ukushisa okuthwala iibhola zetsimbi ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya amanyathelo afana nokuvutha, ukucima kunye ne-carburizing.
Ukufudumala yinkqubo yokufudumeza ibhola yentsimbi ecinyiweyo kwiqondo elithile lobushushu, kwaye emva koko uyipholise ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Injongo yokufudumala kukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluveliswa ngexesha lokucima, ukunciphisa i-brittleness, kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kunye neplastiki. Iqondo lokushisa elivuthayo kunye nexesha ngokuqhelekileyo lichongwa ngokuhambelana nokubunjwa okuthe ngqo kunye neemfuno zebhola yentsimbi. Ubushushu bobushushu buphantsi kakhulu okanye ixesha lifutshane kakhulu, kunokukhokelela ekwandeni koxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, ubushushu obungonelanga, buchaphazela ukusebenza kwebhola yentsimbi; Ubushushu bobushushu buphezulu kakhulu okanye ixesha lide kakhulu, liya kunciphisa ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokunxiba. Ke ngoko, ukulawulwa kwenkqubo yokuthambisa kubaluleke kakhulu.
Okwesibini, ukucinywa yinkqubo yonyango yokushisa engundoqo yebhola yensimbi yokuthwala, ngokufudumeza ibhola yentsimbi ephetheyo kwiqondo lokushisa elibalulekileyo, kwaye emva koko liphole ngokukhawuleza, ukwenzela ukuba umbutho wayo ube yi-martensite okanye i-bainite. Ukucima kunokuphucula ubunzima kunye namandla ebhola yentsimbi ethwele, ukwandisa ukuxhatshazwa kwayo kunye nobomi benkonzo. Indawo yokupholisa kwinkqubo yokucima ngokuqhelekileyo ioli, amanzi okanye igesi, kwaye indawo yokupholisa efanelekileyo ikhethwa ngokweemfuno ezithile zebhola yentsimbi. Iqondo lokushisa lokucima, isantya sokupholisa kunye nokukhethwa kwendawo yokupholisa kuya kuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo kwisakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwebhola yentsimbi. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu okanye isantya sokupholisa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunokukhokelela kwiintanda kunye nokonakala; Ubushushu buphantsi kakhulu okanye isantya sokupholisa sicotha kakhulu, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ubulukhuni kunye namandla.
I-Carburizing yinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokomeleza umphezulu, ngokuntywila ibhola yentsimbi ethweleyo kwikhompawundi equlethe izinto zekhabhoni zokufudumeza unyango, ukwenzela ukuba izinto zekhabhoni zingene kumphezulu webhola yentsimbi, zandise ubulukhuni bayo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba. Iqondo lobushushu, ixesha lenkqubo yokungcwatywa kwe-carburizing kunye nokukhethwa kwendawo yokubeka i-carburizing kuneziphumo ezibalulekileyo kubunzima kunye nobunzima bomaleko we-carburizing. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu okanye ixesha elide kakhulu kunokukhokelela kwi-percolation, ubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu okanye ixesha elifutshane kakhulu liya kuchaphazela umgangatho kunye nesiphumo somaleko we-carburizing.
Umphumo wokushisa ukushisa okuthwala iibhola zetsimbi zivame ukuvavanywa ngezinye izibonakaliso zokusebenza, ezifana nobunzima, ukuxhatshazwa kokugqoka, ukuqina kunye nokunye. Isiphumo esifanelekileyo sonyango lokushisa kufuneka sibe nobunzima obuphakathi, ukumelana nokunxiba kakuhle, kunye nokuqwalasela ubunzima bokuqinisekisa ubomi kunye nokuthembeka kwebhola yentsimbi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Ukulungiswa kunye nokulawulwa kweenkqubo zokunyanga ukushisa kunye nemiphumo kufuna izixhobo eziphambili kunye nobuchwepheshe, kunye nabaqhubi abanamava. Kwimveliso yangempela, kuyafuneka ukuba ulungelelanise kwaye uphucule ngokwezinto ezithile kunye neemfuno zenkqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kweebhola zetsimbi zokuthwala zihambelana nemigangatho kunye neemfuno zabathengi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-28-2023
